Nanotechnology has greatly contributed to many innovative products in variousengineering disciplines because of their unique properties. Many benefits of nanotechnologydepend on the fact that it is possible to create structures of materials that are extremely smallscales to achieve specific properties. Using nanotechnology, the materials can be effectivelymade stronger, lighter, more durable or better electrical conductors among many other traits.Basically, nanotechnology applications can be divided in to several categories.
Thin filmsand engineered surfaces fall in to the one-dimensional applications of nanomaterials. They havebeen used for fields like electronic and chemistry so they can’t be considered as a new material.Two dimensional materials like tubes and wires are other type of applications of innanotechnology. Nanowires are ultrafine wires or linear arrays of dots that are formed by selfassembly.Semiconductor nanowires are made of silicon. There dimensional nanomaterialapplications include nanoparticles like dendrimers and fullerenes.
One of popular application of nanomaterials is nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes are oneexample of nanotechnology. The tensile strength of high carbon steel is around 1.2 GPa but thetensile strength of carbon nanotubes is 63 GPa. Also, they are known to be one of the strongestmaterials having been produced by nanotechnology so far.Miniaturized products in this field perform very poorly because of contamination ofparticles and poor heat dissipation. Thanks to nanomaterials, now ultra-high purity materialswith improved thermal conductivity can be used to overcome those issues.
Nanomaterials arequite important to produce long lasting and strong interconnections. Many other fields also usenanomaterials for a wide variety of applications. Better insulation materials can be producedwhich is used in the field of electronics. Transistors, the basic switches that enable all moderncomputing, have gotten smaller and smaller through nanotechnology. Nanomaterialsincreases the capabilities of electronics devices while reducing their weight and powerconsumption.
It increases the density of memory chips and it reduces the size of transistors thatused in integrated circuits
