INTRODUCTIONThesis statement: Eating disorders, no matter what kind, take a toll on the person that develops them physically, mentally and in their social life.Fill in: An eating disorder is an illness that causes severe disturbances in one’s everyday diet. This includes either under-eating or over-eating.
A person with an eating disorder often begins by simply eating smaller portions, or calorie counting every meal. However, at some point, the urge to eat less or more spirals out of control. Reference used for fill in: “Eating disorder is defined as a persistent disturbance of eating behavior or behavior intended to control weight, which significantly impairs physical health or psychosocial functioning”(Chakraborty, K., & Basu, D. (2010). Management of anorexia and bulimia nervosa: An evidence-based review. Retrieved December 14, 2017, from https://www.
ncbi.nlm.nih.
gov/pmc/articles/PMC2927890/)The question(s): What are the three main types of eating disorders and how do they affect the people who develop them? Also, what are the three main causes of eating disorders?The main points and details:1: Anorexia nervosa – Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that consists of starvation, and excessive weight loss. It is classified as an extreme fear of gaining weight, and it consists of a distortion of body image. 2: Bulimia nervosa- Bulimia nervosa is frequent episodes of eating extremely large amounts of food due to a loss of control over stress or other psychological factors.
After the binge stage, the patient will go through purging because of the guilt they feel from compulsively eating. Purging is when someone forcefully vomits, takes laxatives, exercises excessively, or a combination. 3: Binge eating disorder- Compulsive eating disorder is similar to bulimia, however, the patient does not purge after binging. A person suffering from this eating disorder will lose control over food portions and they are often obese or overweight.4: Three main causes of eating disorders: There are a wide variety of causes for any given illness. However, in many eating disorder cases, psychological, genetic, and media are main factors that trigger eating disorders.
BODYTopic sentence for first main point: Anorexia nervosa is a very serious illness that comes with many side effects for the person who develops this eating disorder.Explanation, proof, or example: Anorexia is a very serious clinical disorder. The symptoms include an extreme fear of food; which triggers compulsive calorie counting. Some effects include anemia, a condition where the body does not have enough red blood cells which result in dizziness or light-headedness. Brittle hair and nails, dry and yellowish skin, infrequent menstrual periods, numbness and stomach pain are very common medical issues when it comes to anorexia. Though there aren’t many medication options for anorexia, there are other treatment methods available.
If hospitalized, the anorexia patient has a fairly moderate risk of death. Secondary research source(s) to support the point (quotation or paraphrase), with in-text citation(s): “Other possible complications of anorexia include heart-rhythm disturbances, digestive abnormalities, bone density loss, anemia, and hormonal and electrolyte imbalances.” Dryden-Edwards, M. R. (n.d.). Anorexia Nervosa Signs, Symptoms, Tips & Treatment.
Retrieved December 16, 2017, from https://www.medicinenet.com/anorexia_nervosa/article.htm#anorexia_nervosa_facts”Not surprisingly, those who recover fully have lower relapse rates (9%) than those who only partially recover (35%)” Figure 2f from: Irimia R, Gottschling M (2016) Taxonomic revision of Rochefortia Sw. (Ehretiaceae, Boraginales).
Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e7720. https://doi.org/10.
3897/BDJ.4.e7720. (n.d.). What happens after treatment? A systematic review of relapse, remission, and recovery in anorexia nervosa.
doi:10.3897/bdj.4.
e7720.figure2f”Adolescence is a time of major growth and development, and the role that nutrition plays cannot be more emphasized. The pubertal growth spurt accounts for approximately 25% of adult height, 50% of adult weight, and a foundation for the development of subsequent reproductive capacity.
” Sidiropoulos, M. (2007, January). Anorexia Nervosa: The physiological consequences of starvation and the need for primary prevention efforts. Retrieved December 04, 2017, from https://www.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2323541/”Dieters may experience positive feedback regarding weight loss and feel compelled to continue losing weight.” Pawlowski, C. P.
, & DeAngelo, L. P. (2013). Anorexia nervosa.
Magill’S Medical Guide (Online Edition),Think about a word, phrase or sentence to transition from this point to the next: Anorexia nervosa is a serious clinical disorder, and its effects on people can be very dangerous.Topic sentence for second main point: Bulimia nervosa is also another very serious and dangerous eating disorder with many side effects for the person that may develop it.Explanation, proof, or example: Bulimia nervosa is frequent episodes of eating extremely large amounts of food due to a loss of control due to stress or other psychological factors. After the binge stage, the patient will go through purging because of the guilt they feel from compulsively eating and consuming so many calories. Purging is when someone forcefully vomits, takes laxatives, exercises excessively, or a combination. Unlike anorexia, someone with bulimia will often experience weight fluctuations, but they usually remain at a healthy weight. Because of this, it is difficult to recognize and treat a bulimic. Effects of bulimia are swollen salivary glands, a sore throat, and worn tooth enamel due to constant vomiting.
After the disorder has been treated, relapse is common. Long-term care is needed for patients with bulimia for a full recovery.Secondary research source(s) to support the point (quotation or paraphrase), with in-text citation(s): “As many as 70 to 80 percent of bulimics purge by means of self-induced vomiting while 30 percent use laxatives.
” Goldsmith, T. D., MD. (2016, July 17). Bulimia: Binging and Purging.
Retrieved from https://psychcentral.com/lib/bulimia-binging-and-purging/An average bulimic binge may consist of about 1,500 to 3,000 calories, although some individuals have reported eating up to 60,000 calories or more during a binge. Goldsmith, T.
D., MD. (2016, July 17). Bulimia: Binging and Purging. Retrieved from https://psychcentral.com/lib/bulimia-binging-and-purging/ ” Medical research suggests that bulimia may be partially caused by impaired secretion of cholecystokinin (CKK), a hormone that normally induces a feeling of fullness after a meal, or by depletion of the chemical serotonin in the brain, which contributes to a craving for carbohydrates.”Webster, I.
(2010, December 3). Short-Term Effects of Bulimia. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles.com/?Short-Term-Effects-of-Bulimia=5487661Think about a word, phrase or sentence to transition from this point to the next: Bulimia is very dangerous and psychologically draining disorder, much like the next eating disorder that will be covered.
Topic sentence for third main point: Compulsive eating disorder is different from the other two main types of eating disorders; with compulsive eating disorder the person who is suffering from this illness is usually obese or overweight and unable to stop eating, the opposite of bulimia and anorexia.Explanation, proof, or example: Compulsive eating disorder is similar to bulimia, however, the patient does not purge after binging. A person suffering from this eating disorder will lose control over food portions and they are often obese or overweight. Symptoms of compulsive eating disorder include eating large amounts of food, hiding food, and eating even when one is full. Overeating is often done to relieve stress, however, it results in guilt, shame, and disgust.
Medical problems and effects of compulsive eating disorder include obesity, insomnia, diabetes, diseases, high blood pressure and hypertension. When it comes to recovering, many patients never recover or relapse after recovery.Secondary research source(s) to support the point (quotation or paraphrase), with in-text citation(s):” Most, but not all, people with binge-eating disorder are overweight or obese.
Many researchers believe that it is the most common eating disorder in the U.S., affecting an estimated 2 percent of adults or more. It appears to occur somewhat more frequently in women than in men.
” Binge-Eating Disorder. (2017). Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia, 1p. 1″Binge eating disorder affects three times the number of people diagnosed with anorexia and bulimia combined.” Binge Eating Disorder: Statistics, Facts, and You. (n.d.
). Retrieved December 16, 2017, from https://www.healthline.com/health/eating-disorders/binge-eating-disorder-statistics”Binge eaters and food addicts spend overwhelming amounts of time planning and fulfilling food “frenzies,” which occur publicly or privately.” Muckler, V. D.
(2014). Food addiction. Salem Press Encyclopedia Of Health,Think about a word, phrase or sentence to transition from this point to the next: Binge eating disorder is a very dangerous disorder that can lead to obesity and many other illnesses that come along with obesity.Topic sentence for fourth main point: The causes of eating disorders aren’t entirely clear, as they are different for every person. However, in many cases, psychological, genetic, social and family are main factors that trigger eating disorders.Explanation, proof, or example: Psychological factors of eating disorders include low self-esteem, lack of control over one’s thoughts and actions, depression, extreme anger, and feelings of loneliness. In many cases, another psychological disorder is developed after the diagnosis of an eating disorder, and sometimes an eating disorder is a secondary symptom of a previously diagnosed mental illness.
Interpersonal factors are factors that involve other individuals or society at large. For instance, family issues and personal relationships or a history of physical, sexual, or verbal abuse. Personal relationships and poor communication skills often go hand in hand when analyzing causes and effects of eating disorders. Troubled relationships convince an individual that they are unlovable, flawed, and unworthy of attention.
Media is another big factor in the causes of eating disorders. The only body type that is considered beautiful when it comes to media portrayal is a thin, slim figure. Ads and images of thin models have a huge impact on females in society who look up to them. Secondary research source(s) to support the point (quotation or paraphrase), with in-text citation(s):”Many things contribute to how a woman feels about her body.
Peer pressure, family history, education, stage of life, and ethnic, cultural and social status all play important roles in how people feel about how they look. The media can also influence body image.” Body Image and the Media. (n.d.
). Retrieved December 14, 2017, from http://www.cwhn.ca/node/40776″Mary-Kate Olsen, a star idolized by millions of adolescent girls struggled with anorexia for years””The average girl views 400 to 600 ads per day (that’s 250,000 ads by the time she’s 17), with many of those ads featuring models who weigh 23% less than the average woman. It’s no wonder that the number one wish for girls ages 11 to 17 is to be thinner.
” Gluck, S. (2014, January 14). EATING DISORDERS AND LOW SELF-ESTEEM ARE ON THE RISE IN GIRLS.
Retrieved from https://www.healthyplace.com/eating-disorders/articles/eating-disorders-and-low-self-esteem-are-on-the-rise-in-girls/ “Kate Moss, the model, has been accused of encouraging teenage girls to become anorexic after claiming she lives by the motto: ‘Nothing tastes as good as skinny feels.'” Binge Eating Disorder: Statistics, Facts, and You.
(n.d.). Retrieved December 16, 2017, from https://www.healthline.com/health/eating-disorders/binge-eating-disorder-statistics “Eating disorders are very complex, and despite scientific research to understand them, the biological, behavioral, and social underpinnings of these illnesses remain elusive.” Binge Eating Disorder: Statistics, Facts, and You. (n.
d.). Retrieved December 16, 2017, from https://www.healthline.com/health/eating-disorders/binge-eating-disorder-statisticsThink about a word, phrase or sentence to transition from this point to the next: Media contributes greatly to all of the three main types of eating disorders, and maybe the main cause.CONCLUSIONRevisit thesis statement: Eating disorders, no matter what kind, take a toll on the person that develops them physically, mentally and in their social life.Summarize and highlight the supporting evidence: There are many different kinds of eating disorders, all with potentially deadly outcomes if not treated fast and effectivelyenough.
Anorexia, bulimia and compulsive eating disorder all the three most common eating disorders.End with a strong closing point that reinforces your central idea or purpose: In conclusion, it’s clear that the prevalence of anorexia, bulimia, compulsive eating, and eating disorders, in general, put people who develop them at a great risk. Though there are several factors that have caused this, the main one is clearly media and the negative effect that it’s had on our society throughout the years and continues to have.
