Chapter 1PROJECT OVERVIEWBackground of the StudyAssessment refers to not only systematically collecting and analyzing information about a learner, yet it can also interpret and acts on information on a learners knowledge and performance with regards to educational goals. Schools make heavy use of standards-based summative assessment, which is useful for accountability purposes but only on marginally useful for supporting personal learning. In contrast, learner-centered measurement models rely mostly on formative assessment, also known as assessment for learning, which can be very useful in guiding instruction and supporting individual learning. That is, a current downside of the assessment of learning model it is often implemented in a non-standardized and hence less rigorous manner than summative assessment and thus can prevent the validity and consistency of the assessment tools and data (Shute & Zapata-Rivera, 2010).The testing effect a mnemonic benefit of quizzing or testing has been demonstrated in the laboratory, but rarely evaluated experimentally in the classroom.
In a college web-based class, using a within-subjects design, core target concepts were quizzed with multiple choice and short-answer questions, presented for reading, or not present. Multiple attempts on each quiz were encouraged and feedback was available after each. When exam questions were identical to earlier-seen quizzes, short answer, and multiple choices, quizzes enhanced exam performance over rereading targeted material. These experimental results indicate that unsupervised online quizzing in a college course enhances exam performance, thereby representing an important extension of laboratory testing effects into the classroom setting (Wildman & Anderson, 2012).Various attempts on each quiz were encouraged and feedback was available after each. These experimental results indicate that unsupervised online quizzing in a college course enhances exam performance, thereby representing an important extension of laboratory testing effects into the classroom setting.
Accountability is the act of assuring that students are learning what has been considered necessary to learn. Instructional feedback is the information gathered by the assessment, which can be used by instructors to adjust their teaching as needed. Due to the increased awareness of the need to gather such information, the demand for assessment efforts in university courses, including chemistry, has increased in recent years. Determining the degree to which new assessment demands have influenced instructor thinking presents an important need for those interested in educational reform.
To better understand the level of this demand, the American Chemical Society (ACS) – Exams Institute (ACS-EI) conducted a national survey in 2010 asking chemistry college faculty around the United States if their departments were expected to enhance assessment efforts or prepare reports related to assessment. Of the 1546 participants, 72% responded that they were aware of such endeavors related to assessment in their department. (Emenike, 2011).To better understand the level of this demand, the American Chemical Society (ACS) – Exams Institute (ACS-EI) conducted a national survey in 2010 asking chemistry college faculty around the United States if their departments were expected to enhance assessment efforts or prepare reports related to assessment. Regarding the 1546 participants, 72% responded that they were aware of such efforts related to assessment in their department.
This investigation took out a survey of college students, and the data, thus obtained was analyzed by analytic authority process in order to get a combined preference formation of learners as a ground for evaluation. We found that learners noticed the learner interface as the most significant dimension of decision criteria. Future applications of these results are recommended, and the implications are discussed (Shee & Wang, 2010).During the Cornell University of Library to examine whether students ultimately accept and use educational learning systems such as an E – class and the impact of behavioral intention on their decision to use them. An extended version of technology acceptance model has been used by employing the System Usability Scale to measure perceived ease of use and the data analysis was based on partial least squares method.
The results were confirmed in most of the research hypotheses. In particular, social norm, system access, and self-efficacy significantly affect behavioral intention to use. Therefore, e-learning developers and stakeholders should focus on these factors to enable an educational technology to be effective in the educational process.A Web-based overcomes time and space limitations in traditional universities. Teachers and students are now accessing too large amounts of information and resources via the web.
To provide motivation and collaborative learning for students in the Web environment. The practical results show that the system is mainly to complete the autonomous learning, including learning resource management, grading test, students’ management, unit tests, etc. and it is proved that the system is effective and useful.According to Bennett (2011), Previous meta-analysis and the associated claims with regard to assessment for learning are flawed.
Criticize the vague claims of effectiveness and argues for assessing effect sizes through more domain-specific approaches.In addition, providing teachers with evidence on how their class is learning so that they can improve the instruction appropriately, formative assessment provides feedback directly to the learners to help them gain insight about how to improve, and by implementing instructional adjustments based on assessment results. For instance, it may allow fast learners to move on to advanced topics, and slow learners spend more time on the topic with which they are struggling (Reigeluth ; Karnopp, 2013).Web-based Learning is an alternative to traditional face to face teaching because this kind of assessment can be done by anyone at any time and anywhere. Many schools have used it to meet student needs, especially that student without time to study because of having a job in the way. Since web-based learning is running using the Internet and WWW, the learning environment may prove to be a very good option for many students who have the increasing commitment to family and work.
The aim of web-based learning and the enabling learning technologies is to make education and learning experiences in all kind situations more effective, efficient, attractive and accessible to users. Educational institutions such as universities must develop the steps for transformation in the new arena (Fariborzi, 2011).Costa, Mullan, Kothe, and Butow (2010) Found that, overall, 67% of students perceived some benefit from using online computer-based assessment with 58% of students agreeing that they enjoyed using the method.
92% of postgraduate students completed at least one online quiz suggesting that they perceived formative online assessment as beneficial.E-learning developers in different phases which target not just higher education and adults but also children. Kids and computers are nearly inseparable these days (Heiting, 2011).This study helps the students to provide a discussion of the current e-learning environments, including their characteristics, limitations, advantages and major factors that affect the acceptance of such technologies. It is considered that a successful e-learning system should consider the personal, social, cultural, technological and organizational. According to Yilmaz (2010), Discovered that some participants needed critical assessment skills to assess their peers and identify their shortcomings. As a conclusion, they focused on the mechanics of writing only and bypassed more contentious issues. Yilmaz presumed that students must be provided with assessment, tutorials, and instruction related to constructive criticism and timely feedback in order to prepare them as partners in e-assessment.
In addition, assessment is a complex concept within the teaching-learning process, especially in terms of the student’s disability and the community’s perceptions about its purpose. The Philippines have been decisive in providing an appropriate and authentic assessment to all learners. Recently, in 2012, the K to 12 Basic Education Program has been passed into law which represents the principles of inclusive education, growth and development, teaching and learning, and assessment (Seameo ; Innotech, 2012).Emilio Aguinaldo College (EAC) provides as online student-teacher communication facility through its E-learning Program. They believe that E-learning is an essential component of modern education. The EAC E-learning Program allows their students to access their lessons in the convenience of their home computer.
Learning no longer needs to be interrupted because of the suspension of classes due to bad weather, pandemic alerts or other similar causes. Students can continue their learning online in the comfort of their home (Villafania, 2013).In the Philippines, the term e-learning is used synonymously with online learning and concerns the online giving of instructional content as well as associated support services to students.
This study is primarily based on experiences of the University of the Philippines Open University (UPOU). It showcases the development of learning in the country from just a supplement within once-a-month face-to-face sessions in a university learning center to more extensive use of a Learning Management System (LMS) as a venue for educational discussions as well as learning assessment, sharing information resources and content, and student’s submission of course requirements (Dela Pena, 2010).The aforementioned initiatives have positively influenced schools practices for inclusive education. Several public elementary schools from three municipalities in the province of Negros Oriental have been identified and recognized as inclusive schools because of the teacher’s efforts in establishing inclusive education systems which aim at accommodating all children especially those with disabilities.
The efforts have led to significant improvement of teachers’ capacities towards teaching children with disabilities, particularly in the phase of the assessment (GPRehab, 2011).The researchers acquire knowledge on the studies mentioned regarding of assessment of student through the use of internet and different assessment tools to test the skills of a student. According to Kristen Salvio (2013), a meta-analysis of controlled studies in Pangasinan State University (PSU), comparing outcomes for online and face to face classes, found that students learned more in classes that include online learning activities. The e-learning course environment through a Course Management System (CMS), offers tools for the student to participate in having interaction with each other and with the instructor. Furthermore, students can be more engaged as they can move at their own pace through the course materials, determining their personal needs.In the study of Estabilo (2013), entitled “Urdaneta Day Care E-learning System” a computer-based software application which is designed for childhood tutorial and early education, it targets learners under the age of three (3) up to the age of five (5), and the application includes school subject’s references such as science, math, reading, art, craft, and music for the daycare learners.
Moreover, the study of Aguilar (2012), entitled “PSU Urdaneta Campus Academic Portal” purposefully designed to provide a portal, students can have access to their instructor’s lecture, report schedules, participate in discussions and share thoughts through the use of the internet. The said study serves an access point of information and knowledge for students and faculty on the campus. With the expand academic portal content, students can participate and have an alternative approach to gather information and subject lecturers.In Pangasinan State University Bayambang, using Web-based assessment, a student learns in several ways. By making learning easy the instructors could ensure that the material imparted is received, understood, and retained. The administrators, as well, would be satisfied knowing that their instructors would become more effective in teaching through the use of the assessment in e-learning, thus, improving the performance of the student (Macaraeg, 2015).Lastly, Colegio de San Juan de Letran-Calamba developed a Web-based E-Learning resource management system for Science and Math subjects of Grades 7 and 8 to provide the teachers and students with another medium of communication and learning through online. The main functions included online quizzes, examinations, activities, and viewing of the result (Rebong, Banca & Salvaleon 2015).
The achievement scores, whether in local or international examinations, are meant to measure comprehension in different subject areas and highlight students overall academic performance. Presently, the Urdaneta City University is an institution that aims to provide a lifelong knowledge in their chosen field of expertise. The manual process of giving lessons and activities to the UCU students is one of the problems they encountered which leads to a poor assessment of the students.The researchers conducted this study to provide an alternative tool for assessing the students of Urdaneta City University in algebra and trigonometry.
Through the proposed system, it will have an efficient tool that will enhance the teaching and assessment process and help the said institution to have paperless works while studying.Company ProfileThe College of Science and Mathematics was established in the year 2005 by the University President Dr. Elizabeth A. Montero. The University expands its academic responsibilities by creating this college that will serve the general education courses in science and mathematics. Now the institute prepares programs that will enrich they are acknowledged, competencies and proficiency train skills in their chosen field of concentration. The College of Science and Mathematics is currently headed by Mrs. Princess Sarah M.
Quintana.VisionThe Department of Science and Mathematics aspires to facilitate the integral development of students through the provision of quality education in general sciences and mathematics which enables them to become intellectually, globally and S.M.A.R.T. competent individuals with a high sense of cultural, moral and environmental values.
MissionThe Science and Mathematics Department is committed to providing a competency and outcomes based instruction that promotes a higher level of learning and critical thinking in diversified disciplines of science and mathematics eventually strengthening the ability of the students to achieve their career goals related to science and mathematics.Figure 1.1 Organizational Charts of College of Science and Mathematics Department.Conceptual FrameworkConceptual frameworks, according to educational researcher Smyth (2014), are structured from a set of broad ideas and theories that help a researcher to properly identify the problem they are looking at, frame their questions and find suitable literature. The most academic research uses a conceptual framework at the outset because it helps the researcher to clarify his research question and aims. In addition, a conceptual framework is used in research to outline the possible course of action or to present a preferred approach to an idea or thought (Mehta, 2013).The researchers used the Input-Process-Output (IPO) model to present the framework study. The input block contains the current procedures and problems encountered of Urdaneta City University College of Science and Mathematics Department in the following areas: Instructor; students, Functional and Nonfunctional Requirements and the Hardware and Software Requirements.
The process that’s been used is a Rapid Application Development Model which contains four phases namely: Requirements Planning Phase, User Design Phase, Construction Phase, and Cutover Phase. Finally, the output of the study is a Web-Based Assessment in Math Subject for Urdaneta City University College of Science and Mathematics Department.Figure 1.2 shows the research paradigm that will be used in the development of Web-based Assessment in Math Subject in Urdaneta City University College of Science and Mathematics Department.466725102870Web-Based Assessment in Math Subject for Urdaneta City University College of Science and Mathematics Department.Web-Based Assessment in Math Subject for Urdaneta City University College of Science and Mathematics Department.4857750347345Figure 1.
2 Research Paradigm of the Proposed SystemFigure 1.2 Research Paradigm of the Proposed System46208951417955-31623027305OUTPUTOUTPUT43148253016252381250323850366395294640RAD MODELRequirements PlanningUser DesignConstruction CutoverRAD MODELRequirements PlanningUser DesignConstruction Cutover-313055294640PROCESSPROCESS4488815212090FEEDBACKFEEDBACK42005253454402188210241300450215806451. The current process of College of Science and Math in teaching Algebra and Trigonometry.2. Problems encountered of the following entities. a.
Instructor; b. Students3. Functional and Non-functional requirements.4.
Hardware and Software requirements. 1. The current process of College of Science and Math in teaching Algebra and Trigonometry.2. Problems encountered of the following entities.
a. Instructor; b. Students3. Functional and Non-functional requirements.4. Hardware and Software requirements.
-33528015875INPUTINPUT4314825210820Statement of the ObjectivesThis study aims to develop a Web-Based Assessment in Math Subject for Urdaneta City University College of Computer Studies. Specifically, the study aims the following objectives:Determine the factors adopted by the College of Science and Mathematics in assessing the students in Algebra and Trigonometry.Identify the problems encountered in the following entities along: Instructor; andStudents.
Specify the functional and non-functional requirements of the proposed system.Identify the Hardware and Software requirements of the proposed system.Importance of the studyThis project study aims to develop a Web-based Assessment in Math Subject that will benefit the following entities:To College of Science ; Mathematics. The proposed system will serve as an alternative tool in assessing the students.To Instructors. The proposed system will help lessen the work of making lesson plans and preparation of activities for the students.
To Students. The proposed system will help the students to have an easy way of understanding their lessons. Researchers. It helps us to learn more and gives us a lot of knowledge about the proposed system we developed, also our ability to make system are enhanced because of these.
To Future Researchers. This study will serve as a reference and guide to other researchers conducting similar studies and will give them ideas to develop a system in the future.Scope and LimitationsThis project study will develop a tool for Urdaneta City University College of Science and Mathematics Department, a Web-based Assessment in Math Subject. The proposed system will assess and determine the strength and weaknesses of a student in the subject of Algebra and Trigonometry.
The scope of this project study will focus on the assessment of the student where it can determine what particular topic a student and instructor should focus on for improvements.On the exam module, the student will be taking three (3) types of test which is the Diagnostic test, Formative test, and the Summative test. These tests will be the basis if the student is improving or not.On the quiz module, the student will have two (2) types of the quiz, the normal quiz, and the mastery quiz. On the normal quiz it will consist of only one topic while the mastery quiz will be a mix of questions consisting of all of the topics in one (1) chapter. On the class record module, this will serve as the class record for the instructor where they can manage and view the records of the student.The system has three (3) types of users, namely: the student, instructor, and administrator.The student can access the exams, quizzes, and the class record module.
However, the student can’t manage the class record module it is just available for viewing.The instructor will be responsible for the adding and managing the students.The admin will be the one to add and assign an instructor for each class and also the admin can access all the functions of the system.
The feedback module is excluded from the study because it has nothing to do in assessing the student it is just a tool to rate the performance.Definition of TermsThe following terms will be used in this project to be operationally defined by the researchers to facilitate the clarity of discussions. Evaluation. The pertains to determining the significance, worth, or condition of usually by careful appraisal and study (Merriam Webster).
It is done to know the standing or how the student performs in the class.Exam. It is defined as the set of questions or exercises evaluating the skill and knowledge. An exercise designed to examine progress or test qualification or knowledge (Merriam Webster).This will be answered when the time of examination comes. The instructor will manage the questions to be answered by the students.
Feedback. This is the return to the input of a part of the output of a machine, system, or process. The partial reversion of the effects of a process to its source or to a preceding stage (Merriam Webster).The users can use this function to know their opinions or suggestions after using the system.Quiz. Is a short spoken or written test that is often taken without preparation, a set of questions about a particular subject that people try to answer as a game or competition (Merriam Webster). This will be taken after a student finishes a certain lesson in the system.
Web-Based Assessment. A system that the researchers are developing for Urdaneta City University College of Science and Mathematics Department (Merriam Webster).Chapter 2METHODOLOGYResearch DesignThe descriptive research design method includes the depiction, recording, investigation, and analysis of the present nature, composition or process of phenomena which concentrates on prevailing conditions, or how a person, gathering or thing carries on or works in the present. It frequently includes some sort of correlation or complexity. In other words, descriptive research possibly characterized as a purposive procedure of gathering, dissecting, arranging and organizing information about prevailing condition, practices, convictions, procedures, patterns and cause impact connections and after that making satisfactory and exact understanding about such information with or without the guide of measurement techniques (Calderon, 2012).Developmental research design has been defined as the precise study of designing, developing, assessing instructional programs, processes, and products that must meet criteria of internal flexibility and effectiveness.
Developmental research is especially important in the field of instructional technology. The most common types of developmental research include the situation in which the product-development process is considered and described, and the final product is appraised. The second type of developmental research targets more on the impact of the product on the trainee of the organization. The third type of study we adopt toward a broad analysis of design development or evaluation processes as a whole or as factors. A basic distinction should be made between reports of actual developmental research (practice) and characterization of the design and developmental procedural model (theory). Although it has frequently been misunderstood, developmental research has contributed much to the advancement of the field as a whole, soften serving basis for model development and speculation. On the development of the Web-based Assessment in Math Subject of Urdaneta City University, the researchers use the Agile Software approach.
It involves the collaboration between self-organizing, cross-functional teams. It is the conceptual framework that focuses on delivering working software with the minimum amount of work. Rapid Application Development is the one example of Agile Development. RAD involves iterative development and the construction of prototypes.Agile Method is a variety of ways within the field of development and instructional design community and can take on several meanings, there seems to be quite confusing between the agile planning of instruction, introducing an agile design methodology in the project-oriented and reflective classroom, and finally introducing, agile thinking in a given population. The agile design method proposed in this paper is based on an iterative development cycle and direct medical practitioner feedback.
That is each element of the student learning is completed in a process sequence. By condensing each SCI learning module into a practitioner defined section, SCI patients begin accessing detailed online learning content as soon as patients arrive at the hospital. Applying an agile methodology to develop, each iterative cycle consists of a problem analysis phase, followed by the development of a single feature of the final product (Kats, 2013).RAD or Rapid Application Development is a software development process developed originally by James Martin in 1991. The methodology includes iterative development, and the construction of tradition, the rapid application development approach involves an adjustment in usability, features and execution speed. It is described as a process through which the development cycle of an application is accelerated. Thus RAD enables quality products to be developed faster, saving costly assets.According to James Martin (2011), Rapid Application Development (RAD) is a development life cycle design to give much faster development and higher-quality results than those achieved with the traditional life cycle.
It is designed to take the maximum advantage of powerful development software that has evolved recently.In addition, Online Knowledge (2014), Rapid Application Development is a methodology that enables organizations to develop strategically important system faster while reducing development costs and maintaining quality. This is achieved by using a series of proven application development techniques, with a well-defined methodology.
The researchers used this methodology to design the proposed system because it is a reliable model. It explains the underlying software development principles behind RAD and guides it in the application of the process in your development organization. It will also show it the way to carve a RAD process configuration of the right side of the organization or project. RAD typically helps to resolve project risks in order to ensure that they are in line with the consumer evolving requirements. Less time is required for integration as the process of integration goes on throughout the software development lifecycle and the development time required is less due to reuse of components. Figure 2.
1 Rapid Application Development modelRequirements Planning Phase. This is a phase where users, managers, and IT staff members discuss business needs. They discuss system requirements. They also discuss project scope and decide who will generate the software (Umeed, 2013).On this phase, the researchers conducted an interview with the chairman of the Committee on Instructional Materials and the Head of College of Science and Mathematics Department to identify the current process of teaching and assessing the students that need improvement. The interview determined the scope of the study and the objectives that will give way to the improvement of teaching and assess the students of Urdaneta City University College of Science and Mathematics Department.User Design Phase. During this phase, users collaborate with the software model.
It grants the user to figure out, adopt the system. It accepts a functioning model of the system that fits the user’s needs (Umeed, 2013).In this phase, the researchers shall use the Entity Relationship Diagram (see Appendix D), for the design of the database of the system and to show the conceptual representation of data, the Dataflow Diagram (see Appendix E), for the processing design of the system and to explain the flow of the system, and the Use Case Diagram (see Appendix F), was used to present the accessibility level of each user in the system.Construction Phase.
This targets the program and application development duties. Duties are programming and application development, coding, interior decoration and system examination (Umeed, 2013).During this phase, the researchers shall connect all the data needed. The researchers initiated to construct a model based on the information gathered that are evaluated during the third phase. The researchers also defined the hardware and software requirements which are important in constructing and to make the system achievable.
The researchers used PHP as the programming language, Apache (XAMPP) for the web server, and MySQL as the back end of the proposed system. Cutover Phase. It is the closing task in the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Its tasks are data modification, in-depth testing, and system transition, and User Training (Umeed, 2013).The researchers shall perform final adjustments based on user feedback, usability or installation issues. This includes beta testing to validate the new system against the user. The researchers help the users transfer their manual procedures to easier and efficient ones which are the proposed system.Data Gathering Techniques In gathering data, procedures must be followed in order to gather all the data needed for the proposed system.
The researchers used the following methods to answer the problems encountered in the study.Interview. Is the face to face communication between two or more people with the aim of furthering co-relational data for the purpose of research (Harish, 2015).The researchers gathered data, which is relevant to the study. The information was carefully analyzed so that the researchers can come up with a good strategic plan on how to solve the existing problems.Observation.
Can be defined as the visual study of something or someone in order to gain information or learn about behavior, trends, or changes. This then allows us to make informed decisions, adjustments, and allowances based on what has been studied. Observation is a basic but important aspect of learning from interacting with the environment (John, 2010).The researchers physically visited the classrooms and observed the process in the way of teaching the students in the business flow as input in the proposed system and identify the particular problems that are needed to be improved.Document Analysis. Is a method of data collection, which involves analysis of content from written documents in order makes certain deductions based on the study parameters. The method is mainly used in qualitative research as a method of qualitative analysis (Babbie, 2010).The researchers collected certain documents in the institution like the subject syllabus of algebra and trigonometry (see Appendix C), to help determine the topics given in every term and to help stimulate and develop the system design that will serve as a reference to the development of the proposed system.
Library Research. Library research is research done in the library where a wide range of books on your research topic (Olivia, 2010). The researchers visited the library to search for the related study, books, and journals for the addition of information. It includes the discovery and acquiring new knowledge, and conducting inquiries into the proposed system.Internet Research. Is an international, refereed journal that aims to describe, assess and fosters understanding of the role of wide-area, multi-purpose computer networks such as the internet (Jansen, 2012). The researchers were able to search information for the system designs and other literature backgrounds for the web-based assessment system.Sources of DataThe researchers conducted an interview with the chairman of the Committee on Instructional Materials and the Head of the College of Science and Mathematics Department and Instructors who specialize in mathematics subject whom the researchers recognized as the most qualified persons to answer the questions and provide the information needed.
The researchers provided survey and questionnaire to the primary sources of data to gather the needed requirements of the proposed system. Secondary sources of data are books and unpublished thesis.Table 2.1 Table of RespondentsRespondents FrequencyHead(Math ; Science Dept) 1InstructorsStudents 4200Total 205Tools for Data AnalysisEntity Relationship Diagram. An entity-relationship diagram (ERD) is a data modeling technique that graphically illustrates the relationships between entities.
An ERD is a conceptual and representational model of data used to represent the framework infrastructure (Jansen, 2012).The researchers used this model to sharply illustrate the relationship between the entities.Data Flow Diagram. Is the key technology in the development of system analysis and design, Data Flow Diagram is not only the key composing part of the logic model in the new system but also the key basis for the system physical designing.
According to the author’s experience in research and teaching, the paper puts forward a simple method of drawing the Data Flow Diagram based on the word segmentation technology. This method can automatically draw the Data Flow Diagram according to the investigation reports, and this can improve the system analyst’s work efficiency (Mirostaw, 2014).The researchers used the Data Flow Diagram (see Appendix E), in order to see the flow of the proposed system and also to visualize the major steps and data involved in the software system process.Use Case Diagram. Use Case Diagram.
Use Case Diagram (UCD) to visualization illustrates how the viewpoint of an external observer. The emphasis is on what a system does rather than how. Use Case Diagram is closely connected to a scenario. A scenario is an example of what happens when someone interacts with the system (Miller 2013).The researchers used this model to identify the interaction between the elements of the system and classify first the possible users and operation of the system. A use case is a tool used in the analysis to identify, clarify, and organize system requirements.Database Instance.
Is frequently used to describe a complete database environment, table structure, stored procedures and other functionality. It is most commonly used when administrators describe multiple instances of the same database (Chapple, 2015).The researchers will use the database instance to define the structure and content in each data element to the database structure and a complete definition of databases, including the description of all fields, table, and relationship after the database schema is made.Database Schema. A database schema is a collection of meta-data that describes the relations in a database.
A schema can be simply described as the layout of a database or the blueprint that outlines the way data is organized into tables. The schema is commonly described using Structured Query Language as a series of creating statements that may be used to replicate the schema in a new database (Chapple, 2015).The researchers will use the database schema in order to collect the meta-data that describes the relation in the database. The researchers also define how the data is organized.
The primary key concept is critical to an efficient relational database. Without a primary key and closely-related foreign key concept, the relational database would not work.Flowchart.
A Flowchart is a graphical or symbolic representation of a process. Each step in the process is represented by a different symbol and contains a short description of the process step. The flowchart symbols are linked together with arrows showing the process flow direction (Nicholas Hebb, 2014).The researchers will use this tool to understand the processes that take place in the system. Each step in the process is represented by a different symbol and contains a short description of the process of the system.Chapter 3DISCUSSION OF FINDINGSCurrent processes adopted in Student and Instructor of College of Science and Mathematics.
Based on the data gathered from the interview, survey and observation to the College of Science and Mathematics, especially to the Department Head of the institution, Ma’am Princess Sarah Quintana in terms of Students and Instructors.It is important to properly understand the adopted process of the College of Science and Mathematics in assessing the students to properly meet the project requirements. These requirements will serve as a tool for the effectiveness and efficiency of the system upon the deployment. The researchers collected all the needed information for the proposed system. The researchers determined the current procedure of the College of Science and Mathematics, especially for Students and Instructors.Student. Many instances are keeping every student to delay their assessment when they’re absent in class.
Due to these circumstances, some of the students are not able to take the test for the assessment as well as the quizzes and exam. Moreover, the instructors are having trouble computing the grades of every student because of the lack of scores in quiz and exams because of absences.The student assessment of The College of Science and Mathematics is divided into the following:17811751369060STARTSTARTDiagnostic Test – the student will answer this test upon logging into the system to determine his/her score in every chapter of the entire subject and the system will provide an assessment that can be viewed in the student’s profile.25336503187701647825161290Student answers the diagnostic testStudent answers the diagnostic test25336502413001990725318770is the student finish?is the student finish?130492532385130492532385No1304925311153067050323853943350311151676400187325Student take the prelim examStudent take the prelim exam3419475349250Yes25431752692401666875224155Student views the assessmentStudent views the assessment25241253060701733550166370ENDENDFigure 3.1 Process in Diagnostic testFormative Test – the student will answer this test when he/she finished the midterm exams. The previous test result will update after this test is taken and now the student can view if he/she made a progress on the subject.25908002940051838325-96520STARTSTART1724025136525Student answers the midterm examStudent answers the midterm exam252412521653513716001035052000250303530is the student finish?is the student finish?1381125102235 No138112554610377190010096530289501009651695450286385Student answers the formative testStudent answers the formative testYes36004501092201695450294640Student views the assessmentStudent views the assessment258127588902581275171451781175264795ENDENDFigure 3.
2 Process in Formative testSummative test – the student will answer this test when he/she finished the final exam. Just like the two previous tests, after taking this, the system will give the final assessment of the student.183832523495STARTSTART1733550198755Student answers the final examStudent answers the final exam2590800476252581275279400137160088900137160088900211455047625is the student finish?is the student finish?No1381125889003876675889003057525793751695450248285Student answers the summative testStudent answers the summative test Yes3467100781052609850139701724025261620Student views the final assessmentStudent views the final assessment26098503416301781175250825ENDENDFigure 3.3 Processes in Summative TestInstructor –Sometimes, instructors can’t attend classes for some reasons like having serious health problems, urgent meetings, school events, etc. that lead to the delaying of the quiz in the class, because of that the students who prepared are disappointed.
To make up for that, the instructor has to schedule a ;special quiz; for the class who missed the quizzes. 19240502540STARTSTART2676525254001828800225425Student requests timed quiz to instructor.Student requests timed quiz to instructor.267652530543514573251441451457325144145213360086995instructor receives the request?instructor receives the request?No1457325139065322897513843038766751428751828800280670Instructors ask admin permission to open the timed quiz.Instructors ask admin permission to open the timed quiz.Yes1381125280670138112527495535814001606552009775227330is the permission granted?is the permission granted?No343662084264513811253460753267075349885Yes182880028575Instructor set time and date for the timed quiz.Instructor set time and date for the timed quiz.
36004502660652741930185420174307527305Student answer the timed quiz on given date and time.Student answer the timed quiz on given date and time.2741295203200193357545085ENDENDFigure 3.
4 Processes in Timed QuizFunctional RequirementsFunctional requirements are a requirement which specifies what the system should do. In other words, a functional requirement will describe a particular behavior of a feature of the system when the condition is met (Eriksson, 2012).Functional requirements defined as a function of the system or its components. A function is described as a set of processes in a system that utilizes by the user.Online Exam. In this feature, the student can take the exam online.Online Quiz.
In this feature, the student can take online quizzes and this feature includes practice quiz.Online Lesson. In this feature, the student can view the subject lessons online.Messaging. In this feature, the users can message each other except for student and admin. SMS Notification. In this feature, the system can notify the student if a quiz is opened by sending a text message.
Graph. In this feature, the student can view the scores of Diagnostic, Formative, and Summative test in graph form as well as the quizzes. Also on the home page of the Admin, the students that have and haven’t taken the Diagnostic, Formative, and Summative test are viewed in graph form. Report Generation. In this feature, the system has the ability to print reports like Prelim to Final grade and scores of the causes of the students.Non-Functional RequirementsA Nonfunctional requirement is a description of other system functionalities, characteristics, and constraints that describe a satisfactory; a description of the features, characteristics, and attributes of the system as well as any constraints that may limit the boundaries of the proposed solutions (Carisbad, 2011). Nonfunctional requirements include: (1) Usability; (2) Reliability; (3) Performance; (4) Security and (5) Maintainability.
Usability. The proposed study makes the system easier to use and match the user needs. Reliability. The proposed study has different accounts, namely: student, instructor, and admin for individual usage. Performance.
The proposed study allows users to experience the system’s features.Security. The proposed study has security measures for the confidentiality of the information. It has a login page to prevent unauthorized use of the system.Maintainability. The proposed study maintains the information saved in the system and is open for future enhancements or improvements for the better experience in the future.Hardware Requirements These are the collection of physical components basically needs to run the application and system processes.
A client workstation is one of the various hardware requirements that enable the system to interrelate and request records online (Flores et. al, 2015). These requirements are stating the tangible materials needed in order to run and deploy the system with its functionalities. These requirements guarantee the quality of performance of Web-Based Assessment System in Math for College of Science and Mathematics. Table 3.1shows the hardware requirements of the proposed system.9525180340Table 3.
5Hardware RequirementsHardware Requirements Specifications06350Desktop Computer/ Laptop Processor 1Gigahertz or aboveMemory RAM 1 Gigabytes ; above Monitor 14′ SVGA or HigherKeyboard/MousePS/2 or USBHard drive at least 1 Gigabyte free space0165100Internet Connection 512Kbps-1MbpsSoftware Requirements A Software requirement is a complete description of the intended purpose and environment for the software development (Rouse, 2015).Software requirements include all necessary requirements that are required for the system to run. These are sets of software that has to be installed in the computer in order to meet all the functionalities of the proposed system. Table 3.6 Software Requirements01270Software Requirements Specifications00Operating SystemWindows XP, Windows 7 and upDatabaseMySqlProgramming Language PHP Sublime Text HTML EditorMozilla Firefox, Google Chrome0170180Any VersionChapter 4SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONSSummaryThe study aims to develop a Web-based Assessment System in Math Subject for Urdaneta City University College of Science and Mathematics to furthermore enhance the current way of assessing the students of the said institution. The main goal of the proposed system is to help the students of the College of Science and Mathematics Department in their studies by determining their weak points and help them improve by using this system.The researchers determine the factors adopted by the College of Science and Mathematics in assessing the students in Algebra and Trigonometry. The researchers also identify the problems encountered of the following entities along Instructor and Students.
The researchers specify the functional and non-functional requirements of the proposed system. The researchers also identify the hardware and software requirements of the proposed system.The researchers used the Rapid Application Development Methodology (RAD) as the software process model that has the appropriate phases and used it as a guideline in developing the proposed system. To gather all the requirements needed, the researchers applied the first phase of the software process model which is the Requirements Planning Phase. To create the user interface of the system, the researchers applied the second phase of the software process model, the User Design Phase. After finalizing the design of the system, the researchers applied the third phase, which is the Construction Phase to begin the construction of the system and lastly, after the construction, the researchers will apply the Cutover Phase for alteration of the system after the development for any changes.
The researchers used some techniques to collect significant data. The researchers conducted an interview with the Head of College of Science and Mathematics, which in return gave valuable information that helped in the progress of the research. The researchers did some library research to gain more understanding about the system, also the researchers further conducted internet research to find some related studies of the proposed system.The advantage of having the proposed system is that the College of Science and Mathematics will have more an improved way of assessing their students and less paperwork in Algebra and Trigonometry.ConclusionsBased on the information gathered, the researchers come up with these conclusions:The current method of assessing the students adopted by the College of Science and Mathematics is by discussing the lessons and giving a test to the students to find out where they excel at or not.The problems encountered by the instructors is how to make the student understand the lesson immediately, also the giving of the test, some students can’t take it immediately because they are absent and it leads to the delaying of the assessment.
The Functional Requirements of the proposed system are an online exam, online practice and normal quiz, lesson viewing, messaging, graph, report generation and SMS notification. The Nonfunctional Requirements of the proposed system are security, usability, performance, reliability, and maintainability.The proposed system requires the system’s hardware and software specifications for deploying the proposed study. These requirements are needed for deploying the proposed Web-based Assessment System in Math Subject for College of Science and Mathematics. RecommendationsBased on the summary of findings and conclusion presented, the researchers recommend the following:The system should be implemented in order to enhance the process done in the assessment and to address the problem encountered.The system must be upgraded in order to be more operational, but the researchers also believe that this software should be looked up by anyone as a company program to develop but the only software for the thesis subject and lesser expectations should be obtained. The admin should look for the instruction manual to further know how the proposed system works.The future researchers can add other features to the said system in order to improve its functionality.The admin should have enough knowledge on how to use the proposed system and let them understand the flow of the system.
